Namuhla kusebusika eChicago, futhi ngenxa yobhubhane lwe-Covid-19, sisendlini kakhulu kunangaphambili. Lokhu kubangela izinkinga esikhumbeni.
Ingaphandle liyabanda futhi liyashwabana, kuyilapho ingaphakathi le-radiator nesithando somlilo kuphephethwa komile futhi kuyashisa. Sifuna okugeza okushisayo namashawa, okuzomisa isikhumba sethu nakakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhathazeka ngobhubhane bekulokhu kukhona, nakho kufaka ingcindezi ohlelweni lwethu.
Kubantu abane-eczema engapheli (ebizwa nangokuthi i-atopic dermatitis), isikhumba siyaluma ikakhulukazi ebusika.
UDkt. Amanda Wendel, udokotela wesikhumba eNorthwestern Central DuPage Hospital of Northwestern Medicine, wathi: “Siphila ezikhathini zokukhungatheka okukhulu, okungase kubhebhethekise ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba sethu.” "Isikhumba sethu manje sesibuhlungu kakhulu kunangaphambili."
I-eczema ibizwa ngokuthi "i-rash ukuluma" ngoba ukulunywa kuqala kuqala, kulandelwa ukuqubuka kwentukuthelo okuqhubekayo.
U-Rachna Shah, MD, udokotela we-allergies we-allergies, sinusitis kanye nochwepheshe besifuba somoya e-Oak Park, uthe uma nje ukulunywa okungakhululekile kuqala, ama-plaque amabi noma aminyene, izilonda ezinama-scaly, noma Isidleke siyakhuphuka. Ama-flare ajwayelekile ahlanganisa izindololwane, izandla, amaqakala kanye nangemuva kwamadolo. UShah uthe, kodwa ukuqubuka kungavela noma kuphi.
Ku-eczema, amasignali avela emasosheni omzimba omzimba angabangela ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, nokulimala kusithiyo sesikhumba. UDkt. Peter Lio, udokotela wesikhumba eNyuvesi yaseNorthwestern, wachaza ukuthi imizwa yokulunywa iyafana nemizwa yobuhlungu futhi ithumela izimpawu ebuchosheni ngomgogodla. Uma siphawula, ukunyakaza kweminwe yethu kuzothumela isignali yobuhlungu obusezingeni eliphansi, okuzovala ukuzwa kokuluma futhi kubangele ukuphazamiseka okusheshayo, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise umuzwa wokukhululeka.
Isikhumba siwumgoqo ovimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni emzimbeni futhi sivimbela isikhumba ekulahlekelweni umswakama.
“Sifunde ukuthi ezigulini ezine-eczema, umgoqo wesikhumba awusebenzi ngendlela, okuholela kulokhu engikubiza ngokuthi ukuvuza kwesikhumba,” kusho uLio. “Lapho umgoqo wesikhumba uhluleka, amanzi angaphuma kalula, okuholela esikhumbeni esomile, esixegezelayo, futhi ngokuvamile angakwazi ukugcina umswakama. Ama-Allergens, i-irritants, namagciwane angangena esikhumbeni ngendlela engavamile, abangele ukuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisebenze, okubangela ukungezwani komzimba nokuvuvukala. .”
Izinto ezicasulayo kanye nezinto ezingezwani nazo zihlanganisa isimo sezulu esomile, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukucindezeleka, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, insipho, odayi bezinwele, izingubo zokwenziwa, izingubo zoboya, izibungu zothuli-uhlu lukhula njalo.
Ngokombiko we-Allergology International, kubonakala sengathi lokhu akwanele, kodwa u-25% kuya ku-50% weziguli ezine-eczema zinezinguquko ku-gene encoding ciliated protein, okuyiphrotheni yesakhiwo sesikhumba. Inganikeza umphumela wokuthambisa wemvelo. Lokhu kuvumela i-allergen ukuba ingene esikhumbeni, okwenza i-epidermis ibe mncane.
“Ubunzima be-eczema wukuthi inezici eziningi. U-Lio uthe uncoma ukulanda uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala i-EczemaWise ukuze ulandelele izimo zesikhumba futhi uhlonze izinto ezibangisayo, imininingwane nezitayela.
Uma ucabangela zonke lezi zici eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuthola imbangela ye-eczema kungase kudide. Cabangela izinyathelo ezinhlanu ezilandelayo ukuze uthole isisombululo sesikhumba sakho:
Ngenxa yokuthi umgoqo wesikhumba weziguli ezine-eczema uvame ukonakala, zisengozini yokuthola izifo zesibili ezibangelwa amagciwane esikhumba kanye namagciwane. Lokhu kwenza ukuhlanzeka kwesikhumba kube ukhiye, okuhlanganisa nokugcina isikhumba sihlanzekile futhi siswakeme.
UShah uthe: "Geza ngeshawa efudumele noma ugeze imizuzu emi-5 kuye kweyi-10 ngosuku." "Lokhu kuzogcina isikhumba sihlanzekile futhi kwengeze umswakama."
UShah uthe kunzima ukungashisi amanzi, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhetha amanzi afudumele. Geza amanzi esihlakaleni sakho. Uma lizwakala liphakeme kunezinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho, kodwa lingashisi, yilokho okufunayo.
Uma kuziwa kuma-ejenti okuhlanza, sebenzisa izinketho ezingenamakha, ezithambile. U-Shah uncoma imikhiqizo efana ne-CeraVe ne-Cetaphil. I-CeraVe iqukethe i-ceramide (i-lipid esiza ukugcina umswakama emgodleni wesikhumba).
UShah uthe: “Ngemva kokugeza, wome kancane. UShah uthe: “Ngisho noma usula isikhumba sakho ngethawula, ungakwazi ngokushesha ukukhulula ukulunywa, kodwa lokhu kuzodala izinyembezi ezengeziwe.”
Ngemuva kwalokho, sebenzisa i-moisturizer yekhwalithi ephezulu ukuthambisa. Ayikho iphunga, ukhilimu ominyene usebenza kangcono kunelotion. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hlola imigqa yesikhumba ebucayi enezithako ezincane kanye nama-anti-inflammatory compounds.
UShah uthe: “Ngempilo yesikhumba, umswakama wendlu kufanele ube phakathi kuka-30% no-35%. U-Shah uncoma ukuthi kubekwe okomswakama egumbini olala kulo noma osebenza kulo. Uthe: “Ungakhetha ukuyishiya amahora amabili ukuze ugweme umswakama oweqile, ngaphandle kwalokho izodala ukungezwani komzimba nezinye.”
Hlanza i-humidifier ngoviniga omhlophe, i-bleach kanye nebhulashi elincane njalo ngesonto, njengoba ama-microorganisms azokhula endaweni yokugcina amanzi futhi angene emoyeni.
Ukuze uhlole izinga lomswakama endlini ngendlela yakudala, gcwalisa ingilazi ngamanzi bese ufaka ama-cubes amabili noma amathathu e-ice kuwo. Bese, linda cishe imizuzu emine. Uma ukujiya kuningi kakhulu ngaphandle kwengilazi, izinga lomswakama wakho lingase libe phezulu kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ingekho i-condensation, izinga lakho lomswakamo lingase libe liphansi kakhulu.
Uma ufuna ukunciphisa ukulunywa kwe-eczema, cabangela noma yini ezothinta isikhumba sakho, kuhlanganise nezingubo kanye ne-washing powder. Akufanele zingabi naphunga, okungenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ezibangela ukuqubuka kwezifo. Inhlangano ye-Eczema.
Isikhathi eside, ukotini nosilika bekuyindwangu yokuzikhethela ezigulini ezine-eczema, kodwa ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ku-American Journal of Clinical Dermatology ngo-2020 lwabonisa ukuthi izindwangu zokwenziwa ze-antibacterial kanye ne-wicking-wicking zingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-eczema.
Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ku- "Clinical, Cosmetic and Research Dermatology" lwathola ukuthi iziguli ze-eczema zazigqoka imikhono emide namabhulukwe amade, imikhono emide namabhulukwe enziwe nge-antibacterial zinc fiber ubusuku obuthathu obulandelanayo, futhi ukulala kwabo kwaba ngcono.
Ukwelapha i-eczema akulula kangako ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba kuhilela okungaphezu nje kokuqubuka. Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela eziningi zokukhulula impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba futhi unciphise ukuvuvukala.
UShah uthe ukuthatha amahora angu-24 ngosuku ama-antihistamine, njenge-Claretin, i-Zyrtec noma i-Xyzal, kungasiza ekulawuleni ukulunywa. "Lokhu kuzosiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ezihlobene nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, okungase kusho ukunciphisa ukulunywa."
Amafutha e-topical angasiza ekunciphiseni impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba. Ngokuvamile, odokotela banikeza i-corticosteroids, kodwa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ama-steroid nazo zingasiza. “Nakuba ama-topical steroids engasiza kakhulu, kufanele siqaphele singawasebenzisi ngokweqile ngoba anciphisa umgoqo wesikhumba futhi abasebenzisi bangase bathembele kakhulu kuwo,” kusho uLio. "Ukwelashwa okungezona ama-steroid kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroids ukugcina isikhumba siphephile." Ukwelashwa okunjalo kufaka i-crisaborole ethengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lokuhweba elithi Eucrisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela besikhumba bangase baphendukele ekwelashweni kokugoqa okumanzi, okubandakanya ukusonga indawo ethintekile ngendwangu emanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-phototherapy isebenzisa imisebe ye-ultraviolet ene-anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect esikhumbeni. Ngokusho kwe-American Dermatological Association, lokhu kwelashwa kungase "kuphephe futhi kuphumelele" ukwelapha i-eczema.
Ezigulini ezine-eczema emaphakathi kuya kokuqina ezingakapholi maseko ngemva kokusebenzisa imithi yokwelapha ephathwayo noma ehlukile, kunesidakamizwa sakamuva se-biologic i-dupilumab (Dupixent). Umuthi-umjovo ozijova wona kanye njalo emasontweni amabili-uqukethe i-antibody evimbela ukuvuvukala.
U-Lio uthe iziguli eziningi nemindeni ikholelwa ukuthi ukudla kuyimbangela ye-eczema, noma okungenani kuyimbangela ebalulekile. Kodwa ezigulini zethu eziningi ze-eczema, ukudla kubonakala kunendima encane ekuqhubekiseni izifo zesikhumba.”
"Yonke le nto iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba akungabazeki ukuthi ukungezwani kokudla kuhlobene ne-atopic dermatitis, futhi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yeziguli ezine-allergic dermatitis emaphakathi noma enzima zine-allergies yangempela yokudla," kusho uLio. Okuvame kakhulu ukungezwani nobisi, amaqanda, amantongomane, inhlanzi, isoya nokolweni.
Abantu abangezwani nezinto ezithile bangasebenzisa izivivinyo zesikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholwe izinto ezingezwani nazo. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe awuguquki ekudleni, kungase kuthinte i-eczema.
“Ngeshwa, kunokuningi kule ndaba,” kusho uLio. “Ukudla okuthile kubonakala kuwukuvuvukala ngendlela engeyona eye-allergenic, engaqondile kangako, njengemikhiqizo yobisi. Kwabanye abantu, ukudla inqwaba yemikhiqizo yobisi kubonakala kwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.” Nge-atopic dermatitis noma Ngokuphathelene nezinduna. "Lokhu akukona ukungezwani komzimba kwangempela, kodwa kubonakala kubangela ukuvuvukala."
Nakuba zikhona izindlela zokuhlonza ukungezwani nokudla, ayikho indlela eqondile yokuthola ukuzwela kokudla. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokunquma ukuthi ingabe uyazwela yini ekudleni iwukuba uzame ukudla okuqedayo, ukhiphe izigaba ezithile zokudla amasonto amabili ukuze ubone ukuthi izimpawu ziyanyamalala yini, bese uzibuyisela kancane kancane ukuze ubone ukuthi izimpawu ziyaphinda zivele yini.
"Kubantu abadala, uma beqiniseka ukuthi kukhona okuzokwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu, ngingazama ngempela ukudla okuncane, okuhle," kusho uLio. “Ngiyethemba futhi ukuqondisa iziguli ngokugcwele ngokudla okunempilo: okusekelwe ezitshalweni, zama ukunciphisa ukudla okugayiwe, ukuqeda ukudla okunoshukela, futhi ngigxile ekudleni okusha nokwenziwe ekhaya.”
Nakuba kuwubuqili ukumisa i-eczema, ukuqala ngezinyathelo ezinhlanu ezingenhla kungasiza ukulunywa okuhlala isikhathi eside ekugcineni kwehle.
UMorgan Lord ungumbhali, uthisha, umthuthukisi kanye nomama. Njengamanje unguprofesa eNyuvesi yaseChicago e-Illinois.
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