Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza amanzi ezimbonini bungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ngokusekelwe ezinhlosweni zokwelashwa kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi: ngokomzimba, amakhemikhali, kanye nemvelo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezahlukene zamanzi angcolile ezimbonini.
1. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula ngokomzimba: ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi ukuhlunga, imvula, ukuntanta komoya, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi. Ukuhlunga kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa izinhlayiya ezimisiwe emanzini; Amasu okwehlisa i-sedimentation kanye ne-air flotation asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa uwoyela nezinhlayiya eziqinile; Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukaniswa kwama-membrane, obufana ne-ultrafiltration ne-osmosis ehlehlayo, busetshenziselwa ukuhlanzwa okunembe kakhulu futhi bufanele ukwelapha amanzi angcolile anosawoti omningi kanye nokuthola izinto eziwusizo.
2. Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ngamakhemikhali: Ukukhipha ukungcola ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali, okuhlanganisa izindlela ezifana nokugeleza, ukuncishiswa kwe-oxidation, ukubulala amagciwane, kanye nokungathathi hlangothi. I-Flocculation kanye ne-coagulation ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukususa izinhlayiya ezinhle; Indlela yokunciphisa i-oxidation ingasetshenziselwa ukwehlisa ukungcola kwezinto eziphilayo noma ukususa izinsimbi ezinzima; Amasu okubulala amagciwane afana ne-chlorination noma ukwelashwa kwe-ozone asetshenziswa kabanzi ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwamanzi ezimbonini noma ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokukhishwa.
3. Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha bebhayoloji: ukuthembela kuma-microorganisms ukonakalisa izinto eziphilayo emanzini, ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile buhlanganisa inqubo yodaka ecushiwe kanye nenqubo yokwelapha i-anaerobic. Inqubo yodaka ecushiwe ifanele ukwelapha amanzi angcolile ngomthwalo omkhulu wezinto eziphilayo, kuyilapho ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha i-anaerobic buvamise ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanzi angcolile angenawo aphilayo, angehlisa isithunzi ngokuphumelelayo ukungcola futhi abuyise amandla (afana ne-biogas).
Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile ezimbonini ezifana ne-petroleum, amakhemikhali, ukucubungula ukudla, kanye nemithi. Abagcini nje ngokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kodwa futhi bathuthukisa izinga lokuphinda basetshenziswe amanzi, bakhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-17-2024